The present invention relates to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, i.e. a group of chronic, progressive disorders characterized by the gradual loss of neurons in discrete areas of the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, the present invention relates to alkaline phosphatase for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, preferably neurodegenerative disorders selected from the group consisting of Alzheimer's Disease; Parkinson's Disease; Amylotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Multiple Sclerosis and Stroke.