Systems and methods for discriminating and locating nerve tissues within a body involve applying a waveform signal to tissue between two electrodes and measuring the electrical characteristics of the signal transmitted through the tissue. Using impedance measurements, the (x, y) coordinates of a nerve relative to an electrode array on the skin surface, and the z-coordinate of the nerve depth position, may be determined. A controller may implement the process and perform the impedance calculations on the measured data to identify tissue types and locations within the measured area, and to present results in graphical form. Results may be combined with other tissue imaging technologies and with image-guided systems.
