The present invention relates to the field of cosmetics and, specifically, to the field of protective cosmetic skincare. The invention relates to the cosmetic use of Artemia salina extract to protect skin from damage caused by thermal stress, and in particular from cold thermal stress or repeated temperature variations. The invention also relates to a method of cosmetic care comprising topical application, on at least one portion of the skin of the body or face, of Artemia salina extract, in a composition comprising a physiologically acceptable medium, to achieve a protective effect, and specifically to protect skin from damage caused by thermal stress.