PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power transmission device of a harvesting machine which can increase the minimum ground clearance of the machine body and which can ensure smoothness in turning and also ensure straight traveling performance, and to provide a harvesting machine.SOLUTION: A power transmission device 10 includes: a first continuously variable transmission device 20 including a first hydraulic pump 21 to which the driving force of an engine 7 is inputted and a first hydraulic motor 22 which has a first output shaft 25 for outputting the inputted driving force to one traveling device 2 a second continuously variable transmission device 30 including a second hydraulic pump 31 to which the driving force of the engine 7 is inputted and a second hydraulic motor 32 which has a second output shaft 35 for outputting the inputted driving force to the other traveling device 2 and a state switching mechanism 50 which can switch between the synchronous driving state, in which the rotation of the first output shaft 25 is synchronized with the rotation of the second output shaft 35, and the non-synchronous driving state, in which the rotation of the first output shaft is not synchronized with the rotation of the second output shaft.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT