1. A medical device coated with at least one nitrocarboxylic acid of the general formula (X), wherein O-R is —OH, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, cholesterol, phytosterol, ergosterol, coenzyme A or an alkoxyl group of 1-10 carbon atoms moreover, this alkoxyl group may contain one or more double bonds and / or one or more triple bonds and / or may be substituted by one or more nitro groups and / or one or more substituents SS, “carbon atom chain” refers to an alkyl chain,which is attached to at least one nitro group consisting of 1-40 carbon atoms, and this alkyl chain may contain one or more double bonds and / or one or more triple bonds and may be cyclic and / or may be substituted by one or more nitro groups and / or one or more substituents SS, S-S, independently of one another, are —OH, —OP (O) (OH), —P (O) (OH), —P (O) (OCH), —OCH , -OCH, -OCH, -O-cyclo-CH, -OCH (CH), -OC (CH), -OCH, -OPh, -OCH-Ph, -OCPh, -SH, -SCH, -SCH, - F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CN, -OCN, -NCO, -SCN, -NCS, -CHO, -COCH, -COCH, -COCH, -CO-cyclo-CH, -COCH (CH) , -COC (CH), -COOH, -COOCH, -COOCH, -COOCH, -COO-cyclo-CH, -COOCH (CH), -COOC (CH) , -OOC-CH, -OOC-CH, -OOC-CH, -OOC-cyclo-CH, -OOC-CH (CH), -OOC-C (CH), -CONH, -CONHCH, -CONHCH, -CONHCH , -CON (CH), -CON (CH), -CON (CH), -NH, -NHCH, -NHCH, -NHCH, -NH-cyclo-CH, -NHCH (CH), -NHC (CH), -N (CH), -N (CH), -N (CH), -N (cyclo-CH), -N [CH (CH)], -N [C (CH)], -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -SOCH, -OCF, -OCF, -O-COOCH, -O-COOCH, -O-COOCH, -O-COO- cyclo-CH, -O-COOCH (CH), -O-COOC (CH), -NH-CO-NH, -NH-CO-NHCH, -NH-CO-NHCH, -NH-CO-N (CH) , -NH-CO-N (CH), -O-CO-NH, -O-CO-NHCH, -O-CO-NHCH, -O-CO-NHCH, -O-CO-N (CH), - O-CO-N (CH), -O-CO-OCH, -O-CO-OCH, -O-CO-OCH, -O-CO-O-cyclo-CH, -O-CO-OCH (CH) , -O-CO-OC (CH), -CHF, -CHF, -CF, -CHCl, -CHBr, -CHI, -CH-CHF, -CH-CHF, -CH-CF, -CH-CHCl, - CH-CHBr, -CH-CHI, -CH, -CH, -CH, -cyclo-CH, -CH (CH), -C (CH), -CH, -CH-CH (CH), -CH (CH ) -CH, -CH, -Ph, -CH-Ph, -CPh, -CH = CH, -CH-C
