Disclosed is a use of G-CSF dimer in the preparation of medicament for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The G-CSF dimer molecules used in the present invention enable significant increase in quantity of nigra dopaminergic neurons in animals of PD model and increase in the function of dopaminergic neurons. In addition, the G-CSF dimer molecules enable significant decrease in apoptosis of neuron cells in hippocampus and improvement in learning memory capacity of rats of AD model. The G-CSF dimer according to the present invention has an prolonged half life in serum and is capable of effectively preventing neuron loss, thus enabling more effective treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
