The invention relates to medicine and describes a medicinal composition of water-soluble protein or polypeptide compounds from the group of proteolytic enzyme inhibitors for the creation of an aerosol with the aid of a water-insoluble, ozone-saving propellant in aerosol devices provided with a metering valve. The claimed aerosol composition can be used for treating diseases that are accompanied by a proteolytic imbalance, such as respiratory infections, including influenza, viral or bacterial keratoconjunctivitis, herpetic damage to the mucous membranes and skin, chronic obstructive bronchopneumonia, asthma, etc.