The present invention provides therapeutic and diagnostic methods and compositions for cancer, for example, kidney cancer. The invention provides, inter alia, methods of treating cancer and methods of monitoring the response of a patient having a cancer to treatment with an anti-cancer therapy comprising a VEGF antagonist (e.g., an anti-VEGF antibody) and a PD-L1 axis binding antagonist (e.g., an anti-PD-L1 antibody).
