The present invention relates to a composition comprising Chinese peony extract as an active ingredient, the composition alleviating loss of appetite, weight loss, muscle loss, and fatigue and inhibiting haematopoietic toxicity, thereby being effectively usable for preventing, alleviating, or treating cachexia and muscle loss.L'invention concerne une composition contenant un extrait de pivoine de Chine comme principe actif, cette composition atténuant la perte d'appétit, la perte de poids, la fonte musculaire et la fatigue, et inhibant la toxicité hématopoïétique, ce qui permet de l'utiliser efficacement dans la prévention, l'atténuation ou le traitement de la cachexie et de la fonte musculaire.본 발명은 작약 추출물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 조성물에 관한 것으로 상기 조성물은 식욕 감소, 체중 감소, 근육 손실 및 피로도를 개선하고, 조혈 독성을 억제하므로 악액질 및 근손실의 예방, 개선 또는 치료 용도로 유용하게 사용될 수 있다.