The present invention relates to a method for genetically editing an enhancer site of hematopoietic stem cell BCL11A efficiently and safely, comprising disrupting the CTTCCT region of the BCL11A genome by gene- editing techniques. The hematopoietic stem cells which are genetically edited according to the invention have normal cell functions and can increase the expression of the fetal hemoglobin significantly to counteract the normal-hemoglobin deletion in patients with thalassemia. Therefore, genetically edited hematopoietic stem cells can be used for clinical treatment of β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia.本發明關於高效安全基因編輯造血幹細胞BCL11A的增強子位點的方法，包括透過基因編輯技術破壞BCL11A基因組CTTCCT區域。本發明基因編輯後的造血幹細胞具有正常細胞功能，且能顯著提高胎兒血紅蛋白的表達, 以抵消地中海貧血患者缺失的正常血紅蛋白。因此，可將基因編輯後的造血幹細胞用於β-地中海貧血和鐮刀紅細胞貧血的臨床治療。
