In one aspect, a system for controlling the position of an agriculturalimplement being towed by an agricultural vehicle may include first and secondwheels and first and second non-contact-based braking devices. As such, thefirstbraking device may be configured to apply a braking force to the first wheel,and thesecond braking device may be configured to apply a braking force to the secondwheel. Furthermore, the system may include a controller configured to controlanoperation of the first braking device or the second braking device when it isdetermined that the position of the implement differs from a predeterminedpositionfor the implement such that the braking force is applied to the correspondingwheel ina manner that adjusts the position of the implement towards the predeterminedposition.