Provided are an image processing apparatus, etc., that can accurately identify abnormalities in a microstructure on a surface of an examination target, such as a mucous membrane, even when contour edges of the examination target are present in an intraluminal image. An image processing apparatus 1 includes a contour edge region extracting unit 110 that extracts a contour edge region of an examination target from an image obtained by capturing inside of a lumen of a living body an examination region setting unit 120 that sets an examination region in the image so as not to include the contour edge region and an abnormal structure identifying unit 130 that identifies whether a microstructure of a surface of the examination target is abnormal, based on texture information of the examination region.
