A blood vessel information acquisition device which can accurately acquire blood vessel information about blood vessels of a subject in a layer of interest to be measured an endoscope system and a blood vessel information acquisition method are provided. A first blood vessel extraction unit 83 analyzes an image of the layer of interest to be measured, and extracts a blood vessel (a first blood vessel) from the image of the layer of interest. A blood vessel identification unit 84 identifies a blood vessel (a second blood vessel) which extends from the layer of interest to a non-interest layer. In the case of identifying the second blood vessel, a second blood vessel extraction unit 84 analyzes an image of the non-interest layer in which the second blood vessel is present, and extracts the identified second blood vessel from the image of the non-interest layer. In this way, if a blood vessel is present that extends from the layer of interest to the non-interest layer, then in addition to the blood vessel in the layer of interest (the first blood vessel), a blood vessel which extends from the layer of interest to the non-interest layer (the second blood vessel), i.e., the second blood vessel in the non-interest layer, is also extracted, enabling the accurate acquisition of blood vessel information about blood vessels in the layer of interest.Linvention concerne un dispositif dacquisition dinformations de vaisseaux sanguins permettant dacquérir précisément des informations de vaisseaux sanguins relatives à des vaisseaux sanguins dun sujet dans une couche étudiée à mesurer un système dendoscope et un procédé dacquisition dinformations de vaisseaux sanguins. Une unité (83) dextraction de premier vaisseau sanguin analyse une image de la couche étudiée à mesurer, et extrait un vaisseau sanguin (premier vaisseau sanguin) de limage de la couche étudiée. Une unité (84) didentification de vaisseau sanguin identifie un vaisseau sanguin (deuxième vaisseau sanguin) qui sétend de
