A kit and method for tracking a human jaw are provided. The kit and method can involve a bone screw and an extension arm. The bone screw has a threaded portion, a head portion and a longitudinal axis. The threaded portion can have a thread diameter of less than or equal to about 2.5 mm and can be inserted into a bone of the human jaw within 45° of the occlusal plane. The head portion protrudes out of the bone of the human jaw when the threaded portion is inserted into the bone. The extension arm can be rigidly secured to the head portion of the bone screw to maintain a fixed spatial mapping between the head portion of the bone screw and an optically detectable marking provided on the extension arm. When secured to the head portion of the bone screw, the extension arm can be positioned such that the optically detectable marking is detectable by an optical tracking system positioned outside the mouth containing the jaw bone.
