The invention relates to an ultraviolet laser sterilization system, comprising an ultraviolet laser module and a scanning module. The ultraviolet laser module emits an ultraviolet laser light with a wavelength ranging from 200 nm to 280 nm. The scanning module includes a plurality of reflectors for receiving the ultraviolet laser light, and a controller for controlling rotation of the reflectors to adjust an angle of emergence of the ultraviolet laser light for sterilizing a target.