Methods of treating a tumor in a subject include identifying a subject having,at risk for, or suspected of having atumor, and administering to the subject an effective amount of an IGFBP7 agentif the tumor has increased Ras-BRAF-MEK-Erksignaling, is dependent for growth and/or survival upon the Ras-BRAF-MEK-Erksignaling pathway, and/or expresses an activatedor oncogenic BRAF or RAS.