An object of the present invention is to provide a method for production of fine microcapsules which encapsulate a hydrophilic bioactive substance at a high content and can be used in wide range of applications such as foods and medical drugs, which method enabling efficient industrial production. The present invention is directed to a method for production of S/O type microcapsules in which a hydrophilic bioactive substance is polydispersed in a solid fat matrix, including steps of: dispersing a complex of the hydrophilic bioactive substance with a surfactant (A) in a solid fat at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the solid fat to obtain an S/O suspension, followed by permitting liquid droplet dispersion of the S/O suspension, and hardening the solid fat by cooling the S/O suspension liquid droplets to lower than the melting point of the solid fat to obtain solid particles； and an S/O type microcapsule wherein a milk protein-derived ingredient such as lactoferrin is polydispersed in a solid fat matrix.
