In general, this disclosure relates to techniques forautomatically supplying a pressurizing unit (e.g., syringe) that isused with a powered medical fluid injection device with fluid. Anexample medical fluid injection device includes a first pressurizingunit and an injector head that is configured to obtain operationalstate information of the device (501) and use the operational stateinformation to determine whether a fluid replenishment operationis permitted for the first pressurizing unit (502), the operationalstate information including information other than a fluid deliveryamount for a subsequent injection procedure. If the fluid replenishmentoperation is permitted, the medical fluid injection devicesupplies the first pressurizing unit with an amount of medical fluid(506).