An in-ear stimulation system for administering caloric stimulation to the ear canal of a subject includes (a) a conduit configured to deliver a fluid to calorically stimulate an ear canal of a subject； and (b) a fluid control unit comprising a controller configured to control a flow of the fluid to the conduit and/or to control a caloric profile of the fluid such that a temperature of the fluid changes through time when the fluid is being delivered to the ear canal via the conduit.
