The present invention relates to methods of treating subjects preparing to undergo surgery or methods of treating chronic disease and methods for reducing transfusions and a computer readable storage medium and a physical computing device for carrying out these methods which include: a) receiving a profile of said subject, in a physical computing device, including a level of hemoglobin of said subject, level of creatinine of said subject, and information regarding current or past history of disease； b) applying said level of hemoglobin and said level of creatinine, in said physical computing device, to determine level of transfusion risk； c) applying said information regarding current or past history of disease of said subject, in said physical computing device, to determine level of comorbidity； d) applying said level of hemoglobin, said level of transfusion risk, and said level of comorbidity, in said physical computing device, to determine a patient care plan.
