Devices and methods for stimulation and recording of muscle responses for determining degree of neuromuscular blockade, particularly relevant to elicitation of such responses in those under the influence of anesthesia. A system for estimating the degree of neuromuscular blockade includes at least one stimulating electrode, at least one recording electrode, a pulse generator for providing stimulation to a nerve through the stimulating electrode, and a computing device configured to: apply stimuli to the nerve according to a stimulation protocol, wherein the stimulation protocol provides a plurality of stimulation sequences that vary in frequency of pulses in the stimulation sequence, frequency of the stimulation sequences, number of pulses in the stimulation sequence, or all of the above； measure, by the recording electrode, electrical responses of a muscle； and estimate the degree of neuromuscular blockade based on changes in the electrical responses of the muscle during a stimulation sequence.
