An abrasive belt grinding device is provided, a supporting plate passes through an inner cylinder, and is fixed to the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is rotatably connected to an outer cylinder bracket, a winding reel and an unwinding reel are arranged side by side in a left-right direction at an upper end of the supporting plate, and are driven by respective first servo motors, one end of the abrasive belt is wound in a belt groove of the winding reel, and another end of the abrasive belt is wound over the first transition wheel, the first tension pulley, the third transition wheel, the fifth transition wheel, the seventh transition wheel, the contact wheel, the eighth transition wheel, the sixth transition wheel, the fourth transition wheel, the second tension pulley, and the second transition wheel, and is finally wound in a belt groove of the unwinding reel.
