In various embodiments compositions and methods are provided for ameliorating a pathology characterized by elevated α-dicarbonyl compounds or prophylactically slowing or stopping the onset of said pathology in a mammal. In certain embodiments the method comprises administering to the mammal an agent that activates TRPA1 in an amount sufficient to activate TRPA1, and/or to ameliorate one or more symptoms of the pathology (e.g., diabetes or a complication thereof), and/or to slow or stop the onset of the pathology, and/or to lower the level of α-dicarbonyl compounds in the mammal.
