The present invention relates to the use of a composition including of at least a mutated antithrombin having an anticoagulant activity substantially reduced with respect to the anticoagulant activity of the non mutated antithrombin, or having no anticoagulant activity, for the preparation of a drug intended for the prevention or the treatment of pathologies associated with cellular injury, such as infection, inflammation or hypoxic injury.本発明は、非変異アンチトロンビンの抗凝固活性と比べて実質的に低下した抗凝固活性を有するか又は抗凝固活性を有さない変異アンチトロンビンを少なくとも含んでなる組成物の、感染、炎症又は低酸素傷害のような細胞傷害と関係する病状の予防又は治療を意図する薬剤の製造のための使用に関する。【選択図】なし