The present invention provides antibodies that bind to human gremlin 1 (GREM1 ) and methods of use. According to certain embodiments of the invention the antibodies are fully human antibodies that bind to GREM1. The antibodies of the invention are useful for inhibiting or neutralizing GREM1 activity thus providing a means of treating a GREM1 related disease or disorder such as fibrosis and cancer. In some embodiments the antibodies of the present invention are used in treating at least one symptom or complication of fibrosis of the liver lungs or kidney.