An inner surface-modified tube whose inner surface has been subjected to surface-modifying treatment to provide predetermined functions sufficiently exhibits the provided functions and maintains the provided functions for a long period of time. In an inner surface-modified tube 100 in which fine particles 120 are buried in an inner surface of a tube 110 with part of surfaces of the fine particles 120 exposed, the fine particles 120 are unevenly distributed such that more fine particles 120 are distributed in a region A2 from a center C of the tube 110 to the inner surface of the tube 110 than in a region A1 from the center C of the tube 110 to an outer surface of the tube 110 based on a thickness direction of the tube 110, a material constituting the fine particles 120 is a material which does not covalently bond or ionically bond to a material constituting the inner surface of the tube 110, an arithmetic average roughness Ra of the inner surface of the tube 110 is 1 nm or more and 100 µm or less, a particle diameter of the fine particles 120 is 10 nm or more and 100 µm or less, and an inner diameter of the tube 110 is 0.01 mm or more and 100 mm or less.
