Use of the peritoneal space provides a more direct tracking of blood glucose, capturing faster glucose kinetics, avoiding membrane/encapsulation effects, having less lag time and lag time variability, and eliminating the effect of variations in skin temperature, cardiac output, and body position during sleep. A peritoneal sensor system may be implanted within the peritoneal space and may generally include a sensor/sampler portion, which is implanted in the peritoneal space, and a control portion/controller, which may be implanted elsewhere, such as subcutaneously, or may be external to the patient.