An egg identification system (100) for determining viability of an avian egg (1) is provided. Such a system (100) includes an emitter assembly (200) configured to emit electromagnetic radiation toward an egg (1). A detector assembly (300) is axially aligned with the emitter assembly (200) to detect electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the egg (1). The detector assembly (300) is spaced-apart from the egg (1) during operation thereof such that the detector assembly (300) does not contact the egg (1). The detected electromagnetic radiation is processed using transmission spectroscopy analysis, such as infrared spectroscopy or fluorescence spectroscopy, to determine whether the egg (1) is viable, e.g. non dead, rotted or clear. An associated method is also provided.
