A structured illumination probe is disclosed, one embodiment comprising: an optical fiber, to receive and transmit a light beam； a handpiece, coupled to the optical fiber； an optical element, comprising a distal optical fiber and a distal light guide, wherein the proximal ends of the distal optical fiber and the distal light guide can be selectably optically coupled to the optical fiber, for receiving the light beam and scattering the light beam to illuminate an area, and wherein the surface area of the proximal end of the distal light guide is greater than the surface area of the distal end of the optical fiber； an actuator, coupled to the handpiece, for selectably coupling the optical fiber to the distal optical fiber and the distal light guide； and a cannula, coupled to the handpiece, for housing and directing the optical fiber and the optical element.
