To provide recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) strains as improved vaccines against infection with RS Virus (RSV), and to provide methods for diagnosing RSV infection.SOLUTION: Provided are engineered recombinant MVA vectors comprising at least one nucleotide sequence encoding an antigenic determinant of an RSV membrane glycoprotein and at least one nucleotide sequence encoding an antigenic determinant of an RSV nucleocapsid protein. Provided is a method for diagnosing RSV infection and determining whether a subject is at risk of recurrent RSV infection and determining whether the subject has acquired sterile immunity against RSV.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12