A control device for controlling a heat treatment device, wherein the heat treatment device includes: a heating resistor configured to be electrically connected to an energy output source to form a circuit such that the energy output source causes current flow through the heating resistor to generate heat for treating a target object, and wherein the control device includes: a detection circuit configured to detect one or more of a resistance component and a capacitance component of the circuit caused by a fluid； and one or more processors configured to control the energy output source to control a characteristic of the current flow through the heating resistor based on the one or more of the resistance component and the capacitance component detected by the detection circuit.
