The invention provides compounds of the formula I(see formula I)The compounds of the invention may be used for treatment of pain, for example,acute,visceral, neuropathic or chronic pain. The compounds may also be used fortreatment ofan anxiety state, stress, a stress-associated syndrome, depression, catalepsy,epilepsy,Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia, a general cognitive dysfunction, alearning disorderas a nootropic, a memory disorder as a nootropic, withdrawal symptoms, alcoholabuse,drug abuse, medicament abuse, alcohol dependency, drug dependency, medicamentdependency, a sexual dysfunction, a cardiovascular disease, hypotension,hypertension,tinnitus, pruritus, migraine, impaired hearing, deficient intestinal motility,impaired foodintake, anorexia, obesity, a locomotor disorder, diarrhoea, cachexia, orurinaryincontinence and a muscle relaxant, anticonvulsive or anaesthetic for co-administrationwith treatment with an opioid analgesic or with an anaesthetic, for diuresis,antinatriuresis,or anxiolysis, for modulation of neurotransmitter secretion and treatment of aneurodegenerative disease associated therewith, treatment of withdrawalsymptoms andreducing addiction potential of opioids. The compounds may also be used as amusclerelaxant, anticonvulsive, or anaesthetic； for co-administration with treatmentwith an opioidanalgesic or with an anaesthetic； for diuresis, antinatriuresis or anxiolysis；for modulation ofmovement activity； for modulation of neurotransmitter secretion and treatmentof aneurodegenerative disease association therewith； and for one or both oftreatment ofwithdrawal symptoms and reducing addiction potential of opioids.
