The present invention relates to methods and compositions for use in the treatment of specific medical conditions. The compositions of the invention comprise blood serum preparations, such as activated blood serum preparations. The present invention also relates to the use of such blood serum preparations for the treatment of diseases and disorders associated with inflammation and/or undesirable activation of the immune system, such as paradentosis, abortus habitualis, colitis ulcerosa, polymyalgia rheumatica, whiplash-associated disorders, endometriosis, adeomyosis and unexplained infertility.