Optimized nitrogen allocation in cotton-soil system improves cotton production and nitrogen utilization efficiency under wheat-cotton straw return in East China

• 全文链接

麦棉秸秆还田条件下棉花-土壤系统氮素优化配置提高棉花产量和氮素利用效率

关键词：

来源：

INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS

全文链接：

//agri.nais.net.cn/topic/downloadFile/fc1a2277-edc7-477f-b944-aeae937d2169

来源地址：

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926669024023306?via%3Dihub

资源所属：

棉花遗传育种

类型：

学术文献

语种：

英语

原文发布日期：

2025-02-01

摘要：

In wheat-cotton rotation system, the strained photo-thermal resources after harvesting wheat pose challenges to cotton growth in terms of the utilization of temperature, light and fertilizer, especially in nitrogen. The purpose of the study was to explore suitable agricultural management practices for sustainable cotton production and soil productivity under wheat-cotton system. Two straw managements (straw return and straw removal) and four nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150 and 300 kg N ha-1, defined as N0, N75, N150 and N300, respectively) were adopted as the variables. The results showed that under straw return with N150, where cotton yield and fiber quality reached to the maximum, the highest apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency of 75.9 %-92.7 % and the maximum ratios of cotton boll number and cotton yield over the efficient photo-thermal phase to them at the harvesting stage were obtained. 15N-labeling indicated that optimal nitrogen application could improve fertilizer nitrogen uptake in cotton before flowering and straw return increased cotton nitrogen uptake from soil. Furthermore, straw return increased nitrogen fertilizer retention at the 0-20 cm soil depth. Under straw return with N150, more nitrogen fertilizer was stored as organic nitrogen (40.9 %) and microbial biomass nitrogen (11.8 %). Therefore, increasing nitrogen fertilizer retention in the topsoil might attribute to improving microbial nitrogen fixation. In addition, straw return improved fertilizer nitrogen that cotton boll allocated to fiber and that seedcotton allocated to seed kernel and fiber at N150. According to these findings, we are led to conclude that under straw return, optimal nitrogen application of N150 improved cotton boll development over the efficient photo-thermal phase and nitrogen allocation in cotton-soil system, increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency and cotton production.